The International Bridge, Tunnel and Turnpike Association (IBTTA) is the worldwide alliance of toll operators and associated industries that provides a forum for sharing knowledge and ideas to promote and enhance toll-financed transportation services.
Glossary
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American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials is an interest group based in Washington, D.C., involved in research, advocacy, and technical assistance. Primary focus is highways. AASHTO is also a standard setting organization. | |
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Associação Brasileira de Concessionárias de Rodovias: is the Association of Brazilian Road Concessionaires | |
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Adaptive Cruise Control. Also known as Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control (AICC) and Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC). Dynamic speed and distance control in relation to the vehicle in front using on-board equipment. | |
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The “Automated Clearinghouse” is a financial transaction network operated by the Federal Reserve. The ACH processes a number of different types of financial transactions including inter-bank transactions, credit card transactions, E-checks (a form of electronic payment), etc. | |
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Automobile Club d’Italia | |
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Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club e.V | |
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Average Daily Traffic | |
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Asociación Española de Normalización: is the Spanish Association for Standards | |
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Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control. Also known as Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC). Dynamic speed and distance control in relation to the vehicle in front using on-board equipment. | |
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Associazione Italiana Società Concessionarie Autostrade e Trafori: is the Italian Association of Turnpikes, Tunnels, Bridges and Other Toll Road Concessionaire Companies. | |
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Automatic Number Plate Recognition | |
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American National Standards Institute | |
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Automatic Speed Adaptation. Various concepts aimed at limiting the vehicle speed in relation to different defined speeds (static, variable or dynamic) for certain road sections via various user interfaces (informative, supportive or compulsory). Also known as Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA). | |
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Association Européenne des Concessionnaires d'Autoroutes et d'Ouvrages à Péage (European Association of Operators of Toll Road Infrastructures). ASECAP is the only European professional association of toll motorway companies. It brings together 17 Full members (France, Italy, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Slovenia, Serbia, Belgium, The Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark, Poland) and 4 Associate members (Morocco, Germany, Slovak Republic, Czech Republic) that manage a total network of over 28,000 km (tolling) and over 12,000 km (charging). | |
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Asociación de Sociedades Españolas Concesionarias de Autopistas, Túneles Puentes y Vías de Peaje: is the Spanish Association of Turnpikes, Tunnels, Bridges and Other Toll Road Concessionaire Companies. | |
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Association des Sociétés Françaises d’Autoroutes et d’Ouvrages à Péage: is the Federation of French Motorway and Toll Facility Companies. ASFA is a professional organization which promotes the concessionary system for its members. | |
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Advanced Traveler Information System | |
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Advanced Traffic Management System | |
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Advanced Traffic Control In Historical Town (Czech project) | |
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Automatic/Automated Vehicle Classification. Determines the type of vehicle (car, truck, bus, etc.) and the vehicle characteristics (weight, number of axles, tires, etc.) as required for toll classification. | |
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Automated Vehicle Identification. A system which transmits signals from an on-board tag or transponder to roadside receivers for uses such as electronic fee collection and stolen vehicle recovery. | |
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Each OBU is assigned to a User’s Account. The Account serves as the final destination for system transactions. For a pre-paid account the User periodically credits funds (from a Fiduciary) to the Account to offset the transaction cost. | |
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An Account Processor is a third party organization that processes Accounts and transactions for an Issuer. For example, retailers who issue credit cards often contract account processing to third party companies like Payment Tech. In tolling, third-party Account Processors often operate Customer Service Center (CSC) entities. | |
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Transaction processing costs in electronic toll collection can be a significant component of an Issuer’s operating costs. To minimize this cost, Issuers often aggregate groups of transactions from Service Providers into a single transaction that is sent to the Fiduciary. This lowers the transaction cost by splitting the credit card transaction fee across a number of transactions. For example, a Customer Service Center (CSC) may collect all transactions for a period of time, and Aggregate those transactions into a single credit card charge to the User’s card account. As a result the Authority pays only a single transaction fee. | |
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A Siemens navigation system having an in-vehicle interface that provides turn-by-turn visual and voice guidance. | |
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This is the software that runs on the On-Board Unit and RSU Application Platform. The Application contains the “brains” (i.e. logic) that conducts the transaction using the Public and Private Keys (see below). | |
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This is the computer that is collocated with the On-Board Unit and Roadside Unit. It runs the Application, or software that conducts the transaction. | |
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A legal jurisdiction created to operate tolled infrastructure (e.g., E-470 Public Highway Authority, New York State Thruway Authority, North Texas Tollway Authority). Also known as the “District” in some states. | |
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AVC. Determines the type of vehicle (car, truck, bus, etc.) and the vehicle characteristics (weight, number of axles, tires, etc.) as required for toll classification. | |
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AVI. Automated Vehicle Identification. A system which transmits signals from an on-board tag or transponder to roadside receivers for uses such as electronic fee collection and stolen vehicle recovery. |
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Database system that enables registration and maintenance of customer accounts; facilitates funds transfer between participating Authorities. See also Customer Service Center (CSC). | |
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The amount of data that can be passed along a communications channel in a given period of time. | |
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A toll system, parking facility, etc. wherein the customer must come to a partial or full stop at a barrier until the payment has been processed. | |
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Also known as Road-Side Unit and RSU. The roadside infrastructure component of an ETC system; a receiver or transceiver that identifies the On-Board Unit in the vehicle, and identifies the account, permitting an electronic toll transaction to occur. |
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Concerted Action for Research and Demand Management in Europe . A European Commission project on ETC interoperability that involves national administrations. | |
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Closed Circuit Television | |
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Code Division Multiple Access, a cellular technology. See also: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). | |
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Comité Européen de Normalisation: is the European Committee for Standardization. | |
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CEN TC278 is the Technical Committee #278 responsible for Road Transport and Traffic Telematics, whose Working Group 9 has agreed upon the norms for ETC based upon DSRC 5.8 GHz. | |
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Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotecnique: is the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization | |
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Common EFC System for an ASECAP Road tolling European system. CESARE is a project set up by ASECAP and partially funded by the European Union with the intention of specifying, designing, developing, promoting and implementing a common interoperable Electronic Fee Collection System (EFC) on European toll roads. | |
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California Toll Operators Committee. An ad-hoc organization of all toll operators in California . Primarily concerned with developing protocols and resolving issues related to ETC interoperability. | |
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A Certificate Authority (CA) is an organization that issues and manages security credentials and Keys for message encryption and decryption. As part of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), the CA provides certificates (Keys) to Issuers. The Keys are used to encrypt, sign and secure Electronic Payment Services (EPS) transactions. | |
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To determine the category of the vehicle to be tolled based upon its specific structure, weight, axles, tires, etc. | |
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A Clearinghouse Network routes transactions for reconciliation. The term applies to all types of financial transactions, not just toll transactions. Examples of Clearinghouses (or Clearinghouse Networks) include the Federal Reserve Automated Clearinghouse Network (ACH), VISA, MasterCard, American Express, Pulse & Cirrus. It is important to note the distinction between a Clearinghouse and a Fiduciary (defined below): A Fiduciary converts transactions into Funds, a Clearinghouse routes transactions to Fiduciaries. | |
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Provides all requisite financial services to transfer monies between participating Authorities; provides accurate and timely downloads of customer accounts, violations and all other information necessary for an interoperable system. | |
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A facility that has both mainline toll barriers as well as ramp toll plazas, placed such that no toll-free traffic movement is permitted. (examples: the Sam Houston Tollway, E-470) | |
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A system that monitors your entrance and exit and calculates the toll on the basis of distance traveled. | |
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Section of a toll road where an entry ticket is needed and where the amount of the toll to be paid is subject to the distance traveled. | |
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A grant of a tract of land made by a government or other controlling authority in return for stipulated services or a promise that the land will be used for a specific purpose. In some cases this will mean the exclusive right to market some product like fuel or food on a turnpike. In the U.S. it increasingly relates to leased space in a rest area. In some instances, both inside and outside the U.S. the concession is the road itself and a private company operates the road for a profit under agreed upon guidelines or payments. This is especially true in European countries. | |
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Mainly in Europe: A company which is awarded, by a conceding Administration, the operation of a toll facility. Usually the conract includes the design, construction, financing and operation of the facility. | |
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Congestion Pricing (also called Value Pricing) refers to variable road pricing (higher prices under congested conditions and lower prices at less congested times and locations) intended to reduce peak-period vehicle trips. Tolls can vary based on a fixed schedule, or they can be dynamic, meaning that rates change depending on the level of congestion that exists at a particular time. It can be implemented when road tolls are implemented to raise revenue, or on existing roadways as a demand management strategy to avoid the need to add capacity. Some highways have a combination of un-priced lanes and Value Priced lanes, allowing motorists to choose between driving in congestion and paying a toll for an un-congested trip. This is a type of Responsive Pricing, meaning that it is intended to change consumption patterns (Vickrey, 1994). | |
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Organization that issues contracts and which is responsible for payment to the Transport Service Provider (TSP) on behalf of the customers. | |
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Contributo (Contribution) |
Tribute levied on certain private subjects, justified by the fact that these subjects benefit from the results of a given public activity. It shares the characteristics of both tax (tassa)--being the consideration for a service, and tax (imposta)--to be paid even if the subjects have not requested the service. |
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Cordon tolls are fees paid by motorists to drive in a particular area, usually a city center. Some cordon tolls only apply during peak periods, such as weekdays. This can be done by simply requiring vehicles driven within the area to display a pass, or by tolling at each entrance to the area. | |
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A phenomenon where the signal from a transponder is picked up by the reader or Roadside Unit (RSU) in a toll lane other than the queue the vehicle is traveling in. Can result in toll being applied to the wrong vehicle, double charges or lost transactions. | |
| CSC. A facility used to service customers. |
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Direction Départementale de l’Equipement. A de-centralized department of the French Ministry of Transport made responsible to implement and to follow the national policy. | |
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European Commission - Directorate General for Information Society | |
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European Commission - Directorate General for Energy and Transport | |
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Digital IMaging Enforcement System | |
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Danish Meteorological Institute | |
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Dynamic Message Sign. See Variable Message Sign | |
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United States Department of Transportation | |
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Dots Per Inch (in photography) | |
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DedicatedShortType Range Communication. A short to medium range communications service that supports both Public Safety and Private operations engaged in roadside-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-vehicle communication environments. DSRC is meant to be a complement to cellular communications by providing very high data transfer rates in circumstances where minimizing latency in the communication link and isolating relatively small communication zones are important. Typically this refers to 5.9GHz communication. | |
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A data exchange protocol, structured in a set of technical annexes, containing also a database of road traffic related events, standardized by the CEN. | |
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A lane in which only electronic toll transactions are processed. | |
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DSRC. A short to medium range communications service that supports both Public Safety and Private operations engaged in roadside-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-vehicle communication environments. DSRC is meant to be a complement to cellular communications by providing very high data transfer rates in circumstances where minimizing latency in the communication link and isolating relatively small communication zones are important. Typically this refers to 5.9GHz communication. | |
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Department of Motor Vehicles Hold. A process whereby a vehicles registration can’t be renewed until any toll violations are settled with the toll agency. |
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European Commission | |
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Electronic Fee Collection | |
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European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System | |
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Emergency Medical Services | |
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(Europay, MasterCard, Visa) is the global standard that is helping ensure smart cards, terminals and other systems can interoperate. The major card associations have set a January 2006 deadline for Europe-wide migration to EMV cards. | |
| EPS | Electronic Payment Services. Any use of an On-Board Unit to pay for a service. |
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European Road transport Telematics Implementation Coordination Organization (ITS Europe ) | |
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Electronic Toll Collection. The collection of tolls based the automatic identification and classification of vehicles using electronic systems. | |
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European Telecommunication Standardization Institute | |
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Electronic Traffic and Toll Management | |
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European Union | |
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Organization that is empowered by toll system agency to collect the toll and operate the Electronic Fee Collection (EFC) infrastructure. | |
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Process by which payments associated with toll passage, parking fees, etc. are communicated from the Authority maintaining the Customer account to the Authority providing the service. | |
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ETC. The collection of tolls based the automatic identification and classification of vehicles using electronic systems. | |
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Joint initiative of the European Commission (DG Enterprise and DG Information Society), the industry and other stakeholders that aims to accelerate the development, deployment and use of Intelligent Integrated Safety Systems, that use information and communication technologies in intelligent solutions, in order to increase road safety and reduce the number of accidents on European roads. | |
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A toll lane that accepts ETC as toll payment from a driver, without having to stop. | |
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European Electronic Fee Collection Service. Complementary service to the national electronic toll services of the Member States, that shall ensure the interoperability, for users, of the electronic toll systems that have already been deployed in the Member States and of those to be deployed in the future in respect of the EC Directive throughout the territory of the Member States of the European Union. | |
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In Europe a sticker proving that a distance related toll has been paid by the user. An EC Directive is in the process of being approved introducing the Eurovignette in Member States for HGV | |
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Expected TCS Revenue at manual lanes and mainline Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) lanes is calculated by multiplying the number of transactions in each Automatic Vehicle Classification (AVC) class by the toll due for that AVC class at that location. Expected TCS Revenue at ramp locations is calculated by multiplying the flat toll due for the ramp by the number of transactions regardless of AVC class. | |
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A popular naming convention used to depict and differentiate it from other types of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lanes, an Express Lane is an ETC lane where vehicles pass the collection point (Gantry, plaza, Road-Side Unit) at highway speeds without stopping. | |
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A High Capacity Road (HCR) free of toll. |
